virt-manager is a Free Software virtualization solution for Linux. virt-manager has a more complex interface than GNOME Boxes but it also has a more complete set of features.

Terminology

virt-manager é baseado em ferramentas de virtualização de baixo nível, indo da interface do usuário até as interações do hardware com o processador. Esta terminologia é um tanto confusa e outras documentações podem mencionar as seguintes ferramentas:

• KVM is the module of the Linux kernel that interacts with the virtualization features of the processor.

• QEMU is the virtualization software that emulates virtual processors and peripherals based on KVM and that starts and stops virtual machines.

• libvirt is a library that allows virt-manager to interact with the virtualization capabilities provided by QEMU.

• SPICE is a protocol that allows to visualize the desktop of virtual machines.

• virt-manager is the graphical interface that allows to create, configure, and run virtual machines.

Instalação

To install virt-manager in Debian, execute the following command:

sudo apt install virt-manager libvirt-daemon-system

To install virt-manager in Ubuntu, execute the following command:

sudo apt install virt-manager libvirt-bin qemu-kvm

Running Tails from an ISO image

1. Download Tails as an ISO image, instead of a USB image.

2. Start virt-manager.

3. Double-click on QEMU/KVM - Not Connected to connect to the QEMU system of your host.

4. To create a new virtual machine, choose File ▸ New Virtual Machine.

5. In step 1, choose Local install media (ISO image or CDROM).

6. In step 2:

   1. Choose ISO image, then Browse..., and Browse Local to browse for the ISO image that you want to start from.

   2. Unselect Automatically detected from the installation media / source.

   3. Specify Debian 11 in the field Choose the operating system you are installing.

7. In step 3, allocate at least 2048 MB of RAM.

8. In step 4, unselect Enable storage for this virtual machine.

9. In step 5:

   • Type a name of your choice for the new virtual machine.

   • Click Finish to start the virtual machine.

Running Tails from a USB image

Running Tails from a USB image is the only virtualization solution that allows you to use a Persistent Storage in a virtual machine.

1. Download Tails as a USB image, instead of an ISO image.

2. Increase the size of the USB image to be at least 8 GB. This creates space for automatic upgrades and the Persistent Storage.

   truncate -s size tails.img

   • size has to be at least 7200M.

   • tails.img is the file name of the USB image that you want to resize.

3. Start virt-manager.

4. Double-click on QEMU/KVM - Not Connected to connect to the QEMU system of your host.

5. To create a new virtual machine, choose File ▸ New Virtual Machine.

6. In step 1, choose Import existing disk image.

7. In step 2:

   1. Choose Browse..., and Browse Local to browse for the USB image that you want to start from.

   2. Specify Debian 11 in the field Choose the operating system you are installing.

8. In step 3, allocate at least 2048 MB of RAM.

9. In step 4:

   1. Type a name of your choice for the new virtual machine.

   2. Choose Customize configuration before install.

   3. Click Finish to open the configuration view.

10. In the configuration view, choose VirtIO Disk 1 or IDE Disk 1

    1. Set Disk bus to USB.

    2. Click Apply.

    3. Expand the Advanced options.

    4. Enable Removable.

    5. Click Apply again.

    6. Click Begin Installation in the top left corner to start the virtual machine.

After you start on the USB image, you can create a Persistent Storage on it.

Running Tails from a USB stick

To run Tails from a USB stick using virt-manager, first create a virtual machine running from an ISO image as described above.

Then do the following:

1. From the virtual machine window, choose Virtual Machine ▸ Shut Down ▸ Force Off to shut down the virtual machine.

2. Plug in the USB stick from which you want to run Tails.

3. Choose View ▸ Details to edit the configuration of the virtual machine.

4. Click on the Add Hardware button on the bottom of the left pane.

5. Select USB Host Device in the left pane.

6. In the right pane, click on the device from which you want to run Tails, and click Finish.

You can keep the original ISO image connected as a virtual DVD to install Tails onto the USB stick if needed.

You can also disconnect the original ISO image and start directly from the USB stick once Tails is already installed on it. To do so:

1. Shut down the virtual machine.

2. In the configuration of the virtual machine, click on SATA CDROM 1 in the left pane.

3. Click on the Disconnect button in the right pane.

4. To enable the USB stick as a boot option:

   1. Click on Boot Options in the left pane.

   2. Select the USB boot option corresponding to your USB device.

   3. Click Apply.

5. To start the virtual machine choose View ▸ Console and then Virtual Machine ▸ Run.

After you start on the USB device, you can create a Persistent Storage on it.

Solução de problemas

Graphics issues

Issues with graphics support in Tails running inside a virtual machine with virt-manager are common. The best solution can vary depending on the version of the virtualization software and on the virtual machine configuration. For example:

• The Auto resize VM with window feature does not work in all configurations.

• The video device that provides optimal graphics performance can be different depending on the version of the host operating system.

To troubleshoot such issues:

1. Ensure the virtual machine has a Spice display and a Spice channel configured, as opposed to VNC ones.

2. Try various virtual video device models.

   Start with Virtio and QXL video devices: they generally give the best results. If they don't perform well for you, try every other video device model.

3. Try enabling or disabling the OpenGL and 3D acceleration options of the display and video device.