System requirements
Tails works on most PC computers that are less than 10 years old.
Tails does not work on:
- Mac computers with an Apple processor (M1, M2, and so on)
- Smartphones oder Tablets
- Raspberry Pi
Tails might not work on some PC computers, for example, if their graphics card is incompatible with Linux. Nvidia or AMD Radeon cards often do not work in Tails.
Siehe unsere Liste bekannter Hardware-Kompatibilitätsprobleme.
Detaillierte Hardwarevoraussetzungen
3 GB of RAM to work smoothly.
Tails can work with less than 3 GB RAM but might experience reduced performance, instability, or crashes.
The ability to start from a USB stick or a DVD reader.
Ein 64-Bit x86-64 IBM-PC-kompatibler Computer Prozessor.
Recommended laptops
Laptop-Modelle entwickeln sich zu schnell weiter, als dass wir eine aktuelle Liste der empfohlenen Hardware bereitstellen könnten. Im Folgenden finden Sie einige Richtlinien, wenn Sie oder Ihre Organisation die Anschaffung eines Laptops für den Betrieb von Tails in Erwägung ziehen.
Für PC
Avoid "gaming" models with Nvidia or AMD Radeon graphics cards.
Erwägen Sie den Kauf eines generalüberholten Notebooks aus einer hochwertigen (professionellen) Serie. Diese sind billiger und halten länger als neue, aber minderwertige Laptops.
Die Lenovo ThinkPad-Serien funktionieren beispielsweise gut mit Tails, darunter die Modelle X250, X1 Carbon, T440, T480 und T490.
Wenn Sie in einem Teil der Welt leben, in dem der Kauf von generalüberholten Laptops unüblich ist, sollten Sie sich bei eBay und Amazon umsehen. Amazon bietet eine 90-tägige [Amazon Renewed Guarantee] (https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=G4ZAA22U35N373NX).
Erwägen Sie den Kauf eines neuen Laptops von Anbietern, die die Kompatibilität mit Linux und Tails garantieren, wie [ThinkPenguin] (https://www.thinkpenguin.com/).
Für Mac
Tails still works on some older Mac computers with an Intel processor.
Leider ist uns kein Mac-Modell bekannt, das in Tails gut funktioniert und die neueste macOS-Version ausführen kann.
Recommended USB sticks
You need a USB stick of 8 GB minimum to use Tails.
All the data on this USB stick is lost when installing Tails.
The quality of your USB stick is crucial when using Tails. A bad USB stick will be slower and more likely to corrupt the files in your Persistent Storage.
We recommend that you:
Buy new USB sticks.
USB sticks become slower and less reliable over the years. Older USB sticks were also built with slower technology.
Buy USB sticks from well-known brands, such as Kingston, Samsung, and SanDisk.
Generic brands are more likely to be slower and less reliable.
Any modern USB stick from a well-known brand is fast enough to use Tails comfortably.
Buy your USB sticks from a reputable local store.
If you are in a place where counterfeit electronics are common, buy your USB stick from an international supermarket chain, which should have a more reliable supply chain.
Avoid buying USB sticks online or using USB sticks that were given to you, because they could contain malware.
In 2020, the FBI warned US companies to avoid USB sticks received by mail because some of them contained malicious software, such as BadUSB.
Consider buying faster USB sticks that support USB version 3.0 or later.
Check the specifications of your computer to determine whether your USB ports support USB 3.0 or later. USB 3.0 ports are sometimes blue.
USB 3.0 can be up to 10 times faster than USB 2.0. USB 2.0 has a maximum read speed of around 50 MB/s on USB sticks, while USB 3.0 has a maximum read speed of around 500 MB/s.
Most quality USB sticks nowadays have read speeds of at least 100 MB/s and are faster when used on USB 3.0 ports. Some USB sticks advertised for USB 3.0 have even greater speeds.
You can test the write speed of your different USB sticks by comparing the time it takes to clone Tails, for example.
How many USB sticks should I buy?
If you want to store personal files and configuration in an encrypted Persistent Storage, we recommend that you buy 2 USB sticks, ideally 3:
1 USB stick to be your primary Tails.
1 USB stick of the same size to be your backup Tails, if you use the Persistent Storage.
We recommend that you create a backup Tails by cloning your primary Tails, including its Persistent Storage.
1 USB stick to do manual upgrades on a few occasions when automatic upgrades are not available.
This USB stick can be of a smaller size and worse quality.